recombinant human tlr4 md2 complex  (R&D Systems)

Journal: Cell reports

Article Title: Toll-like receptor 4 and CD11b expressed on microglia coordinate eradication of Candida albicans cerebral mycosis

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113240

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A and B) Fungistasis assays in which BV-2 cells were pretreated with LPS-RS before activation by (A) Aβ peptides or scrambled control (SC) peptide or (B) Aβ-like peptides derived from the Sap-dependent cleavage of APP and addition of viable C. albicans . (C) Brain fungal burdens of wild-type (WT), TLR4 −/− , and APP −/− mice assessed between days 4 and 10 after i.v. injection of 25,000 viable WT C. albicans cells. (D–F) Schematic diagrams of modified ELISAs assessing binding between Aβ peptides and TLR4 with capture and detecting reagent configurations with and without addition of LPS-RS and aggregate data as indicated. n ≥ 4. Mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001 using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test for multiple comparison or two-tailed Student’s t test. Data are representative of two independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Plates were blocked with i-Block (2%) for 2 h at 37°C and incubated with a 1/2 serial dilution of Histagged TLR4 (3146-TM, R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN) starting from 50 nM for 2 h at 37°C.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Control, Derivative Assay, Injection, Modification, Binding Assay, Comparison, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell reports

Article Title: Toll-like receptor 4 and CD11b expressed on microglia coordinate eradication of Candida albicans cerebral mycosis

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113240

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Plates were blocked with i-Block (2%) for 2 h at 37°C and incubated with a 1/2 serial dilution of Histagged TLR4 (3146-TM, R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN) starting from 50 nM for 2 h at 37°C.

Techniques: Recombinant, Control, Lysis, Magnetic Beads, Software, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Sialyl Residues Modulate LPS-Mediated Signaling through the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032359

Figure Lengend Snippet: HEK293T cells were transfected with a mixture of expression vectors encoding TLR4-YFP, MD2-FLAG, CD14, and firefly and Renilla luciferase genes. After 48 h, the transfected cells were stimulated with LPS (1 to 10 ng/ml) for 16 h and firefly vs. renilla luciferase activities were measured in cell lysates (A). Transfected cells were treated with C. perfringens neuraminidase (NA) or mock-treated (PBS) for one hour at 37°C, stimulated with LPS (1 ng/ml) or no-stimulation (medium) for 16 h, and the lysates were evaluated for luciferase activity (B), and production of IL-8 (C). Transfected cells were mock-treated (PBS) or treated with NA alone, NA with specific inhibitor (NA+2-DN), or heat-inactivated NA (ΔNA), stimulated with LPS (1 ng/ml) for 16 h, and the lysates were evaluated for luciferase activity (D). Results shown are representative of data from at least 3 independent experiments, each with similar results. RLU (relative luciferase units) represent each sample's firefly vs. renilla luciferase activity.

Article Snippet: The His-tagged recombinant human TLR4/MD2 mixture expressed in mammalian NS0 cells (R&D) was separated on SDS-PAGE, and blotted with SNA and MAAII.

Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase, Activity Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Sialyl Residues Modulate LPS-Mediated Signaling through the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032359

Figure Lengend Snippet: HEK293T cells were transfected with a mixture of all plasmids as in (TLR4/CD14/MD2), plasmids encoding only TLR4 and CD14 (TLR4/CD14), or control plasmid (pcDNA), stimulated with LPS (1 ng/ml) for 16 h and the lysates were evaluated for luciferase activity (A). TLR4/CD14-transfected HEK293T cells were stimulated with LPS in culture in the presence of increasing amount of recombinant human MD2, and the lysates were evaluated for luciferase activity (B). Culture supernatants (SNT) from MD2- or empty vector- (pcDNA) transfected cells were added to TLR4/CD14-transfected cells prior to LPS stimulation and luciferase activity was determined in cell lysates (C). A specific amount of affinity-purified sMD2 was added in culture media of TLR4/CD14-transfected cells before LPS stimulation (dark bars). TLR4/CD14/MD2-transfected cells with LPS stimulation were included as positive control (open bars) (D). Results shown are representative of data from at least 3 independent experiments, each with similar results.

Article Snippet: The His-tagged recombinant human TLR4/MD2 mixture expressed in mammalian NS0 cells (R&D) was separated on SDS-PAGE, and blotted with SNA and MAAII.

Techniques: Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Recombinant, Affinity Purification, Positive Control

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Sialyl Residues Modulate LPS-Mediated Signaling through the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032359

Figure Lengend Snippet: HEK293T cells were co-transfected with expression vectors encoding wild type TLR4 (WT) or P714H, N35A/N173A, and N35A/N173A/N205A mutants along with pEFBOS-MD2, pCDNA3-CD14, pELAM-luc, and pTK- Renilla -luc. Transfected cells were stimulated with LPS for 6 h, and firefly vs. renilla luciferase activities were measured in cell lysates. Data were processed using Student t-test. *p<0.005; **p<0.05 (vs. WT).

Article Snippet: The His-tagged recombinant human TLR4/MD2 mixture expressed in mammalian NS0 cells (R&D) was separated on SDS-PAGE, and blotted with SNA and MAAII.

Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Sialyl Residues Modulate LPS-Mediated Signaling through the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032359

Figure Lengend Snippet: Recombinant human TLR4-His/MD2-His proteins expressed in the mammalian NS0 cell line were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed on immunoblot for binding to lectin SNA, MAAII and to anti-His antibody (A). Recombinant human TLR4-His/MD2-His expressed in NS0 cells (lane 1) or recombinant human MD2-His expressed in E. coli (lane 2) were separated by SDS-PAGE and probed by lectin blot with SNA (left) and on immunoblot with anti-His antibody (right) (B). Recombinant human CD14 (lane 1) were separated by SDS-PAGE and probed by lectin blot with SNA (left) and MAAII (right). The highly sialylated glycoprotein, fetuin (lane 2) and asialofetuin (lane 3) were included as positive and negative controls respectively (C). HEK293T cells were transfected with control pcDNA, or plasmids encoding TLR4-YFP alone or with MD2 and CD14 expression plasmids, and proteins from cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with ant-GFP antibody and probed on immunoblot with either anti-GFP antibody (top) or SNA (bottom) (D). Proteins from the medium of MD2-transfected cells were immunoprecipitated with anti-FLAG antibody and probed on immunoblot with anti-FLAG antibody (left) or SNA (right) (E). The expected molecular weights of MD2 and TLR4 are indicated by arrows. Results shown are representative of data from at least 2 independent experiments, each with similar results.

Article Snippet: The His-tagged recombinant human TLR4/MD2 mixture expressed in mammalian NS0 cells (R&D) was separated on SDS-PAGE, and blotted with SNA and MAAII.

Techniques: Recombinant, SDS Page, Western Blot, Binding Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Immunoprecipitation

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Sialyl Residues Modulate LPS-Mediated Signaling through the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032359

Figure Lengend Snippet: HEK293T cells that were transfected as in and TLR4/CD14-transfected cells were supplemented with NA-treated SNT from MD2 transfected cells (MD2*), heated-inactivated NA-treated SNT (MD2**), or SNT from empty vector transfected cells (pcDNA) before LPS stimulation (5 ng/ml). Cell lysates were harvested after 16 h for reporter assay (A). TLR4/CD14-transfected HEK293T cells were treated with NA, heat-inactivated NA (ΔNA), or were untreated (-) for one hour at 37°C, stimulated with LPS (5 ng/ml) for 16 h in the presence of SNT from MD2 transfected cells (sMD2), which had been pre-treated with NA agarose (NA), heated-inactivated NA agarose (ΔNA), or were untreated, and luciferase activities were determined in cell lysates (B). TLR4/MD2-transfected HEK293T cells were supplemented with NA treated recombinant human CD14 (rhCD14[NA]), untreated CD14 (rhCD14), or medium (none) prior to LPS stimulation (1–5 ng/ml). Cell lysates were harvested after 16 h for reporter assay (C). Results shown are representative of data from at least 3 independent experiments, each with similar results.

Article Snippet: The His-tagged recombinant human TLR4/MD2 mixture expressed in mammalian NS0 cells (R&D) was separated on SDS-PAGE, and blotted with SNA and MAAII.

Techniques: Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Reporter Assay, Luciferase, Recombinant

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Sialyl Residues Modulate LPS-Mediated Signaling through the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032359

Figure Lengend Snippet: HEK293T cells were transfected with mixture of expression vectors encoding TLR4-YFP, TLR4-FLAG, MD2-HA, and CD14 for two days. At indicated time points after stimulation with LPS (10 µg/ml), cell lysates were harvested and proteins were immunoprecipitated with anti-GFP antibody, separated on SDS-PAGE gels and probed on immunoblot with either anti-FLAG or anti-GFP antibodies to reveal the individual tagged TLR4 protein (A). Transfected cells were treated with either NA or PBS (as control) for 1 hour before LPS stimulation and processed as above (B). The captured images were analyzed using ImageJ (NIH, USA) and the relative intensities were obtained by dividing the mean intensity of the bands on Western blot using anti-FLAG antibody over that using anti-GFP blot. HEK293T cells were transfected with mixture of plasmids encoding TLR4-CFP, TLR4-YFP, MD2-HA, and CD14 and were maintained in culture for two days, re-suspended, and treated with NA (30 mU/ml, open circles) or PBS (filled symbols) for 1 hr. Cells were transferred to a cuvette, where they were stimulated with LPS (10 µg/ml, circles) or control PBS (triangles). The fluorescence spectrum for each sample was recorded at different time points, and the F528/F475 ratio was plotted (C). Results shown are representative of data from at least 3 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The His-tagged recombinant human TLR4/MD2 mixture expressed in mammalian NS0 cells (R&D) was separated on SDS-PAGE, and blotted with SNA and MAAII.

Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Immunoprecipitation, SDS Page, Western Blot, Fluorescence

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Sialyl Residues Modulate LPS-Mediated Signaling through the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032359

Figure Lengend Snippet: HEK293T cells were infected with recombinant adenoviruses expressing human Neu1 (Ad-Neu1) or Neu3 (Ad-Neu3), or with virus containing empty vector (Ad-GFP) and sialidase activity from cell lysates was assayed using 4-MUNANA as substrate in the absence or presence of the sialidase inhibitor 2-DN (250 µg/ml) (A). TLR4/CD14/MD2-transfected HEK293T cells were further infected with Ad-Neu1, Ad-Neu3 or Ad-GFP, for 2 days, stimulated with LPS (1 ng/ml) for 16 h, and evaluated for luciferase activity (B). TLR4/CD14/MD2-transfected HEK293T cells were incubated with 2-DN (250 µg/ml) or KDO (250 µg/ml) for 2 days, and stimulated with different concentrations of LPS for 16 h prior to analysis of cell lysates for luciferase activity (C). Results shown are representative of data from at least 3 independent experiments, each with similar results. ND: not done.

Article Snippet: The His-tagged recombinant human TLR4/MD2 mixture expressed in mammalian NS0 cells (R&D) was separated on SDS-PAGE, and blotted with SNA and MAAII.

Techniques: Infection, Recombinant, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Transfection, Luciferase, Incubation